Knock Knees & Bow Legs: What You Should Know By Dr. Kashyap Solanki – Orthopaedic Surgeon, Andheri East, Mumbai

Many parents worry when they notice their child’s legs appear curved inward or outward. Two common conditions—knock knees (genu valgum) and bow legs (genu varum)—are often a part of normal development, but sometimes they may need medical attention.

What Are Knock Knees and Bow Legs?

• Bow Legs: The knees stay apart even when the ankles are together. Common in toddlers learning to walk.

• Knock Knees: The knees touch, but the ankles stay apart. Seen between ages 3–7.

Both are often part of normal growth patterns in children.

When Are They Normal?

• Bow legs are normal up to age 2.

• Knock knees are common between 3–7 years.

• Most children outgrow these conditions naturally.

When to Worry?

See an orthopaedic surgeon if:

• The condition is severe or asymmetrical

• Persists beyond age 8–10

• Pain, limping, or difficulty in walking

• Family history of bone diseases like rickets or Blount’s disease

What Causes It?

• Normal growth

• Vitamin D or calcium deficiency (Rickets)

• Blount’s disease (growth plate disorder)

• Obesity or abnormal walking habits

Diagnosis

• Clinical examination

• Standing long-leg X-ray (to assess alignment)

• Blood tests (if rickets is suspected)

Treatment Options

1. Observation – Most children improve without treatment.

2. Nutritional correction – Vitamin D/calcium supplements if deficient.

3. Bracing – In growing children with moderate deformities.

4. Surgical correction – For persistent or worsening deformities in older children or adults:

   • Growth modulation surgery

   • Osteotomy to realign the bones

Final Thoughts

Knock knees and bow legs are usually harmless and correct themselves with time. However, if the deformity is severe, painful, or persists into late childhood, consult an orthopaedic specialist early. Timely evaluation can prevent long-term issues with gait, posture, and joint health.

Need a consultation? Contact us

About Dr. Kashyap Solanki

Orthopaedic Surgeon – Andheri East, Mumbai

Dr. Kashyap Solanki specializes in hip and knee replacement, robotic-assisted knee surgery, and joint preservation procedures like HTO, arthroscopy, and ligament reconstruction. He is also known for performing complex revision joint replacements and managing challenging upper and lower limb fractures. With a focus on precision and patient-centered care, Dr. Solanki helps restore mobility and improve quality of life through advanced orthopaedic solutions.

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