What is AVN ?
Avascular Necrosis AVN (also called osteonecrosis of the hip) is a condition where blood supply to the femoral head (hip bone) is disrupted, leading to bone tissue death, joint collapse, and severe arthritis if untreated.AVN (also called osteonecrosis of the hip) is a condition where blood supply to the femoral head (hip bone) is disrupted, leading to bone tissue death, joint collapse, and severe arthritis if untreated.AVN (also called osteonecrosis of the hip) is a condition where blood supply to the femoral head (hip bone) is disrupted, leading to bone tissue death, joint collapse, and severe arthritis if untreated.
Indications
Common signs that may indicate the need for Total Hip Replacement include persistent pain, limited mobility, and ineffective non-surgical treatments.
Persistent or worsening hip pain, especially during movement or weight bearing.
Restricted hip mobility and stiffness that affect daily activities.
Advanced imaging shows bone collapse or joint damage.
Non-surgical treatments (medications, lifestyle changes) fail to stop disease progression.
Diagnosis is made in Stage 2 or later (based on X-ray/MRI findings).
Causes
Total Hip Replacement (THR) (also called Total Hip Arthroplasty) is a surgical procedure where a damaged or diseased hip joint is replaced with an artificial implant to relieve pain, restore mobility, and improve quality of life.
*Hover over each box to read more detailed information.*
Trauma or Injury
Hip fractures or dislocations can disrupt blood supply to the femoral head.
Steroid Use
Long-term or high-dose corticosteroid use (common in autoimmune conditions).
Alcoholism
Excessive alcohol intake weakens blood vessels and reduces bone nourishment.
Blood Disorders
Conditions like sickle cell disease or clotting disorders impair circulation.
Autoimmune Diseases
Lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and other inflammatory disorders.
Idiopathic
(Unknown Cause)
In many cases, no specific cause is identified.
Surgical Procedure
Understanding Your Surgery: A simple, step-by-step breakdown of Total Hip Replacement to help you feel informed and confident about the procedure.
Preparation
-
The patient receives general anesthesia (asleep) or spinal anesthesia (numb from the waist down).
-
The Hip is cleaned, and an incision is made (~6-10 inches).
Removal
-
Removal of femoral head (top of the thigh bone)
. -
The damaged surface of the hip socket (acetabulum) is cleaned and reshaped.
Implant
-
A metal or ceramic cup is inserted into the acetabulum (hip socket).
-
A metal stem is inserted into the femur, and a ceramic or metal ball is placed on top.
-
A polyethylene liner is added between the ball and socket to allow smooth, low-friction movement.
Closing
-
After checking the range of motion and joint stability.
-
The incision is closed using stitches or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied.
*Hover over each box to read more detailed information.*
Recovery & Rehabilitation
Hospital Stay & Immediate Recovery
Hospital stay: Usually 1–3 days (some patients go home the same day).
Pain Management: Medications (NSAIDs, opioids, nerve blocks).
Early Movement: Walking with a walker or crutches within 24 hours.
Physical Therapy & Long-Term Recovery
-
Weeks 1–2: Start walking with support and begin basic physiotherapy. Follow all hip precautions strictly.
-
Weeks 3–4: Increase movement and continue daily exercises to build strength and mobility.
-
Weeks 5–6: Walk more independently and resume light daily activities.
-
Weeks 6–12: Return to most normal activities and work (if non-physical). Continue rehab exercises.
-
Months 3–6: Full recovery for most patients; physically demanding work may resume later.
-
1 Year: Maximum improvement in strength, flexibility, and joint function.
Benefits
Pain relief and improved mobility.
Better quality of life—return to daily activities.
Long-lasting results implants last 20+ years.
Risks & Complications
Infection (rare, but serious).
Blood clots (prevented with movement & medications).
Hip dislocation – following precautions reduces the risk.
Leg length discrepancy – may require shoe inserts.
Implant wear or loosening – happens over 20+ years.
Walk regularly to prevent stiffness.
Do low-impact exercises (swimming, cycling, yoga).
Use assistive devices (raised toilet seats, grab bars).
Maintain a healthy weight to reduce joint stress.
Do’s
&
Don'ts
No bending past 90° (e.g., deep squats, low chairs).
Avoid twisting or sudden movements.
No high-impact sports (running, jumping).
Don’t sleep on the operated side for 6+ weeks.
