Steps in a Total Knee Replacement Explained
- Dr. Kashyap Solanki
- Nov 12
- 4 min read
Knee pain can significantly affect daily life, limiting mobility and causing discomfort. When conservative treatments fail, knee replacement surgery becomes a viable option. Understanding the knee replacement process helps patients prepare mentally and physically for the journey ahead. This article breaks down the procedure, what to expect, and how to ensure a smooth recovery.
Understanding the Knee Replacement Process
The knee replacement process involves removing damaged parts of the knee joint and replacing them with artificial components. This surgery is typically recommended for individuals suffering from severe arthritis or injury that causes chronic pain and impaired function.
The procedure aims to relieve pain, restore function, and improve quality of life. It is a major surgery but has a high success rate when performed by experienced surgeons. The artificial knee components are designed to mimic the natural movement of the knee, allowing patients to regain mobility.
Before surgery, patients undergo a thorough evaluation including physical exams, imaging tests like X-rays, and discussions about medical history. This helps the surgeon plan the best approach tailored to the patient’s needs.
Key Steps in the Knee Replacement Process
The knee replacement process can be divided into several stages:
Preoperative Preparation
Patients are advised to maintain a healthy weight, stop smoking, and manage any existing medical conditions. Pre-surgery exercises may be recommended to strengthen muscles around the knee.
Anesthesia
The surgery is performed under general or spinal anesthesia, ensuring the patient feels no pain during the procedure.
Surgical Procedure
The surgeon makes an incision over the knee to access the joint. Damaged cartilage and bone are removed from the femur, tibia, and sometimes the patella. The artificial components, usually made of metal and plastic, are then fitted and secured.
Closure and Recovery
The incision is closed with stitches or staples. A drain may be placed to remove excess fluid. The knee is bandaged and supported with a brace or splint.
Postoperative Care
Early mobilization is encouraged to prevent complications. Physical therapy begins soon after surgery to restore movement and strength.
The entire surgery typically lasts 1 to 2 hours, and hospital stays range from 2 to 5 days depending on recovery progress.
What is the best procedure for knee replacement surgery?
Choosing the best procedure depends on individual factors such as age, activity level, and the extent of joint damage. There are several types of knee replacement surgeries:
Total Knee Replacement (TKR)
This involves replacing the entire knee joint. It is suitable for patients with widespread arthritis or severe joint damage.
Partial Knee Replacement
Only the damaged part of the knee is replaced, preserving healthy bone and tissue. This option is less invasive and may offer quicker recovery but is only suitable for limited damage.
Minimally Invasive Knee Replacement
Uses smaller incisions and specialized instruments to reduce tissue damage. This can lead to less pain and faster rehabilitation.
Robotic-Assisted Knee Replacement
Employs robotic technology for precise bone cutting and implant placement. This method can improve accuracy and outcomes.
Discussing these options with an orthopedic surgeon helps determine the best approach. Factors like recovery time, risks, and long-term benefits are considered to tailor the surgery to the patient’s lifestyle.
Preparing for Surgery and What to Expect
Preparation is key to a successful knee replacement process. Patients should:
Attend Preoperative Classes
These sessions provide information on what to expect before, during, and after surgery.
Arrange Home Modifications
Simple changes like installing grab bars, removing loose rugs, and setting up a comfortable recovery area can make a big difference.
Plan for Assistance
Having someone to help with daily tasks during the initial recovery phase is important.
On the day of surgery, patients should follow fasting instructions and bring necessary documents. After surgery, pain management and infection prevention are priorities. Physical therapy usually starts within 24 hours to promote healing and prevent stiffness.
Recovery and Rehabilitation After Knee Replacement
Recovery from knee replacement surgery is a gradual process. Key points include:
Physical Therapy
Exercises focus on improving range of motion, strengthening muscles, and regaining function. Consistency is crucial for optimal results.
Pain Management
Medications and ice packs help control pain and swelling.
Follow-Up Visits
Regular check-ups monitor healing and address any concerns.
Most patients can resume normal activities within 3 to 6 months, though full recovery may take up to a year. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding high-impact activities help prolong the life of the artificial knee.
For those considering knee replacement, understanding the total knee replacement procedure is the first step toward regaining mobility and improving quality of life. With proper preparation, expert care, and dedicated rehabilitation, patients can look forward to a more active and pain-free future.
Orthopaedic Surgeon – Andheri, Mumbai
Dr. Kashyap Solanki specializes in hip and knee replacement, robotic-assisted knee surgery, and joint preservation procedures like HTO, arthroscopy, and ligament reconstruction. He is also known for performing complex revision joint replacements and managing challenging upper and lower limb fractures. With a focus on precision and patient-centered care, Dr. Solanki helps restore mobility and improve quality of life through advanced orthopaedic solutions.
With over four decades of distinguished orthopaedic practice, Dr. Prabhu Solanki stands as one of Mumbai’s most experienced and respected orthopaedic surgeons. Having treated more than 40,000 patients and performed over 10,000 surgeries, his clinical outcomes and dedication have earned him widespread recognition — not just in Mumbai, but across India and abroad.
Dr. Solanki’s reputation for precision, ethical care, and long-term results has brought him patients from all over India, as well as international patients seeking high-quality orthopaedic treatment and surgical expertise in Mumbai.
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